2023年江西成考专升本《英语》一定要看要点汇总
成考分为高起专、高起本和专升本三种,无论是哪种提高方法,英语都是必考的科目之一。
学会成考英语的词语和语法,是考生作答所有题型的基础。
语法
1、可数名词与不可数名词
名词分可数与不可数两种.
可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体.如:table,country.
或表示若干个体组成的集合体.如:family, people, committee, police.
不可数名词表示没办法分为个体的实物.如:air, tea, furniture, water.
或表示动作、状况、品质、感情等抽象定义.如:work, information, advice, happiness. 有的名词在一种场所下是可数名词,在另一种场所下是不可数名词.
如:room 房间,空间 time 时间,次数 fish 鱼,各种各样的鱼
比较下列例句:There are nine rooms in the house.
There isnt enough room for us three in the car .
不可数名词的数目可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示.
如:一块肉 a piece of meat
两条长面包 two loaves of bread
三件家具 three articles of furniture
一大笔钱 a large sum of money
2、可数名词的复数形式
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式.名词复数的构成如下:
1.通常情况下在名词后加|s.如:girls, books.★浊辅音、元音结尾,s 发[z]
2.以 s, x , ch, sh 结尾的词在名词后加|es.如:glasses, boxes, matches, bushes.★ 以 s, x , ch, sh 结尾,es 发[iz]
3.辅音字母+y结尾的词,变 y 为 i 再加|es.如:city|cities,country|countries.
4.以 o 结尾的词多数加|es.如:heroes,tomatoes, potatoes,radios,zoos, photos, pianos, kilos 例外.
5.f,fe 结尾的词,多数变 f,fe 为v 再加|es.如:thief|thieves,leaf|leaves,half|halves,life|lives,wife|wives,knife|knives.
少数名词有不规则的复数形式.
如:man|men, woman|women, foot|feet, tooth|teeth, child|children, mouse|mice.
★可数名词复数通常情况下考不规则复数形式. 个别名词的单数和复数的形式是一样的. 如 Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer.
3、名词的所有格式
名词的所有格表示所属关系, 起形容词有哪些用途.当名词表示有生命的东西时,所有格一般是在词尾加 s .
如:Jeans room, my daughter|in|laws friends, my daughters|in|laws friends, children books. 假如名词已经有了复数词尾 s, 则仅需加.如:the teachers books, my parents car. 时间名词的所有格在后面加 s ,复数加 .如:todays newspaper, five minutes walk.
当名词表示无生命的东西时,所有格常由of短语构成.
如:the TOP of the world, the cover of the book, Chinas capital.
加 s 或 的名词所有格可以表示门店或某人的家. 如:the grocers, the tailors, the Smiths.
★名词所有格考试容易见到部分是
名词表示没生命的东西时,不可以直接在其后加 s.
时间名词所有格在其后加 s,或复数名词后直接加.
4、不定冠词的基本使用方法
1.表示一的意思. Give me a pen please.We go shopping twice a week.
2.泛指某个人或东西.Yesterday we visited an English secondary school.
She picked up a magazine and began to read.
3.表示一类人或东西. He works as a language teacher in that university.
As a writer,he is successful.
Even a child can answer this question.
可数名词单数出现,泛指用不定冠词,特指用定冠词.一个可数名词的单数不可以自己单独出现。
5、定冠词的基本使用方法
1.表示特定的人或东西。
Give me the magazine。
Have you decided on the prices yet? The book on the table is an English dictionary.
Beijing is the capital of China.
2.复述前文提到的人或东西。
Last week,I saw a film. The film is about a love story between two middle|aged people.
The old man saw a house in the field. He went into the house and found a beautiful girl sitting there and singing.
3.用于形容词前面,代表一类人或东西。
the poor 没钱人 the rich 富人
the wounded 受伤的人
the sick 生病的人
the beautiful 漂亮的事物
the old 老年人 the young 年青人
4.用于表示世界上与众不同的东西的名词前面。
the moon, the sun, the earth
The moon moves around the earth.
We have friends all over the world.
Dont build castles in the air.
5.用于序数词、方位名词、形容词与副词的级前面,副词级前面的 the 可以省略。
January is the first month of the year.
The sun rises in the east.
Japan lies to the east of China.
Beijing lies in the north of China.
Ireland lies on the Great Britain.
At the Childrens Palace,some children learn to play the piano,others learn to play the violin.
Last week we went to the theatre.
Among the three girls she speaks English the best. 东、南、西、北作副词时,前面不加冠词:We are walking south.
形容词级前若有物主代词,就不加定冠词:
Monday is my busiest day.
6.用姓于的氏的复数形式前,表示一家人或夫妇两个.
The Lius have moved to Guangzhou.
The Simths came to China for visit in 1996.
7.不可数名词前面一般不加定冠词,但若有限制性定语修饰,或表示特定部分、特定内容时, 前面需加定冠词。
Drink some water. Is the water in the well fit for drink?
What do you think of the music? He cant take the advice his mother gives him.
词语
1. alter v. 改变,改动,变更
2. burst vi.n. 忽然发生,爆裂
3. dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处置
4. blast n. 爆炸;气流 vi. 炸,炸掉
5. consume v. 消耗,耗尽
6. split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂 adj. 裂开的
7. spit v. 吐;鄙弃
8. spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出
9. slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽视
10. slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片
11. bacteria n. 细菌
12. breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔
13. budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排
14. candidate n. 候选人
15. campus n. 校园
16. liberal adj. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的
17. transform v. 转变,变革;变换
18. transmit v. 传播,播送;传递
19. transplant v. 移植
20. transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具
21. shift v. 转移;转动;转变
22. vary v. 变化,改变;使多元化
23. vanish vi. 消灭,不见
24. swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子
25. suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心
26. suspicious adj. 怀疑的,可疑的
27. mild adj. 温暖的,暖和的;温顺的,味淡的
28. tender adj. 温顺的;脆弱的
29. nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌
30. insignificant adj. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的
31. accelerate vt. 加速,促进
32. absolute adj.绝对的,无条件的;完全的
33. boundary n. 分界线,边界
34. brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住
35. catalog n. 目录 v. 编目
36. vague adj. 模糊的,不清楚的
37. vain n. 徒劳,白费
38. extinct adj. 绝灭的,熄灭的
39. extraordinary adj. 不平时的,特别的,非凡的
40. extreme adj. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分
41. agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,缘由
42. alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精
43. appeal n.vi. 呼吁,恳求
44. appreciate vt. 看重,赏识,赏析
45. approve v. 赞成,赞同,批准
46. stimulate vt. 刺激,勉励
47. acquire vt. 获得,获得;学到
48. accomplish vt.完成,到达;实行
49. network n. 网状物;广播网,电视网;互联网
50. tide n. 潮汐;时尚
51. tidy adj. 整洁的,整齐的
52. trace vt. 追踪,找到 n. 痕迹,踪迹
53. torture n.vt. 拷打,折磨
54. wander vi. 漫游,闲逛
55. wax n. 蜡
56. weave v. 织,编
57. preserve v. 保护,保存;维持,保持
61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待;谩骂
62. academic adj. 学术的;高等院校的;研究院的
63. academy n. 专科院校;掌握
64. battery n. 电池
65. barrier n. 障碍;棚栏
66. cargo n. 货物
短语
1、look短语
1.look at 看......
2.look for 探寻
3.look up 查阅,向上看
4.look out 向外看,小心
5.look over 细心检查
6.look after 照顾,照料
7.look like 看着像
8.look through 浏览
9.look into 向里看
10.look around 环顾四周
11.look forward to 期盼,期待
12.look ahead 向前看
2、put 短语
1.put up 举起,挂起,搭建
2.put on 穿上,戴上,上演
3.put away 把放好
4.put off 推迟,推延
5.put down 把放手,记下
6.put out 扑灭,伸出
7.put into 把...放进...,把...译成...
8.put ones heart into 全神贯注于...
3、get 短语
1.get up 起床
2.get off 下车
3.get on 上车,相处,进展
4.get over 克服,恢复,原谅
5.get back 回来,返回
6.get through 接通电话
7.get along 进展,相处
8.get into 陷入...
9.get out 出去,离开
10.get together 相聚
11.get ready for 为...做筹备
12.get married 结婚
13.get in the way 碍事,挡道
14.get to 到达
4、give 短语
1.give up 舍弃
2.give out 分发
3.give away 赠送,分发
4.give back 归还
5、think 短语
1.think of 想起,觉得
2.think up 想出,提出
3.think about 考虑
4.think over 仔细考虑
6、take 短语
1.take up 占据
2.take after 与相像
3.take place 发生
4.take care 小心,当心
5.take off 脱下,起飞
6.take out 拿出,取出
7.take away 拿走,带走
8.take down 拿下
9.take it easy 从容,不紧张
10.take care of 照顾,照料
11.take a rest 休息一下
12.take a shower 洗澡
13.take part in 参加
14.take pride in 对...感到自豪
15.take a photo 拍照
16.take turns 轮流,依次
17.take an interest in 对...有兴趣
18.take a vacation 去度假
19.take medicine 服药
20.take an action 采取行动
21.take a taxi 打的
22.take ones advice 同意某人的建议
7、keep 短语
1.keep on 继续
2.keep out 不让...进入,挡住
3.keep off 使不踏入
4.keep away from 离得远远的...
5.keep...down 控制,抑制
6.keep healthy/fit 维持健康
7.keep from 隐瞒
8.keep doing sth 一直做某事
9.keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
10.keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
11.keep up 坚持,维持
12.keep in touch with sb 与某人维持联系
8、turn 短语
1.turn on 打开
2.turn off 关闭
3.turn up 调大,放大
4.turn down 调小,关小
5.turn over 翻转过来
6.turn left/right 向左转/向右转
9、make 短语
1.make up 编造,杜撰,构成,组成
2.make a noise 吵闹
3.make a decision 做决定
4.make room for 为 腾地方
5.make a face 做鬼脸
6.make mistakes 犯了错误误
7.make the bed 铺床
8.make friends 交朋友
9.make a living 谋生,度日
10.make money 赚钱
11.make progress 获得进步
12.make it 约定,成功,准时赶到
13.make sure 务必,确保
14.make a plan 拟定计划
15.make a telephone call 打电话
16.make up ones mind 下决心
17.make sb feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归
18.make a contribution to 为...做贡献
10、come 短语
1.come over 顺便来访
2.come true 达成,达到
3.come out 出来,开放,出版
4.come on 加油,来吧
5.come back 回来
6.come up with 想出,提出
7.come in 进去
8.come along 出现,发生,来到
9.come from 来自,产自
10.come across 遇到,发现
作文范本
书面表达:一般为命题式作文,即需要考生依据所给情境用英语写一篇 100 个单词左右的短文。提供的情境包含目的,对象,时间,地址,内容等。答卷时间, 一般要筹备 40 分钟左右。
书面表达的需要注意的地方:
1.格式正确
2.内容完整
3.表达得体
4.书写规范
5.长度适合
有关范本:
一,公告类
依据提示写一份举行隔周一次的英语晚会 的书面公告。提示:
1.时间:
11 月 24 日,周六晚上 7 点。
2.地址:2 号教学楼的报告厅。
3.内容:歌曲,朗诵,舞蹈,话剧等,还有美籍教师演讲。
4.目的:提升学生英语听说能力。
报名地址:办公室 203 室,学生会.
注意:
1.要素不能遗漏
2.符合书面公告的格式
3.词数为 100 左右。
NOTICE
In order to improve the students listening and speaking ability, the every|other|week English evening is to be held in the lecture room, No.2 Teaching Building , at 7:00 p.m. this Saturday, November 24th. Program includes songs, recitation, dances, plays and so on. And our English teacher from America is going to make a short speech about English study. Everyone is welcome . Those who would like to take part in it , please sign your names at the Students Union, Room 203,Office Building .
Students Union
二,信件类
倘若你是学生李华,在家是独生子女,国家开放二孩政策后,你的爸爸妈妈想再生一个孩子,征求你的建议。恰好你的美国笔友 Peter 来信询问国内的二孩政策。请你给他回一封信。
内容要素如下:
简单讲解国家二孩政策;
得知爸爸妈妈计划生二胎后你的想法; 征求 Peter 的怎么看。
注意:
1.词数 100 左右;
2.可以适合增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头语已为你写好,不计入字数。
Dear Peter,
I have received your letter and Im glad to explain to you the two|child policy in China.
The Chinese government recently plans to change the one|child policy into two|child policy, meaning that every family in China is allowed to have two children. Now my parents have made a decision to give birth to a second child, which worries me a great deal.
Though it is good to have a brother or sister to grow up with, I have to share everything with him or her. Most importantly, what if the love from my parents is totally switched to the new child? As you have a younger sister, did you have similar problems? Whats your opinion about this?
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
三,日记类
假设你是一个农村学生,进程看到河水被紧急污染,请写一篇议论污染的日记。
内容包含以下几个方面:
1.河水颜色发黑,并发出臭味。
2.水里没鱼,也没人游泳。
3.污染缘由是附近的工厂往河里排放工业废水。
4.大伙应保护环境,降低污染。
注意:
1.要符合日记的格式
2.词数为 100 左右
September 16,2012,Sunday Cloudy
I went to the small city far away from village to buy some books this morning. What I saw there surprised me very much. There is a river in the city. The water in it is dark and smells terrible. It is polluted with chemical waste from factories. There are many small factories along the river. The worst one is the paper factory . It pours waste water into the river day and night. Fish cant live in such a polluted river and neither can people swim in it. I wonder why people dont care about our environment. We should do something to reduce pollution.
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